MINGGU 5 TERJEMAHAN JADUAL
NURNINA
YUSRINA BINTI M.RADZY@YUSMAN SABRINA BINTI ABDUL KADIR
(197423) (199265)
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Macro Structure Global meaning of a replaceable text from a text topic/theme |
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Superstructure A frame of a text such as the advance section, Fill, closer and conclusion |
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Micro Structure The meaning of the locality of a replaceable
text From the choice of words, formats and styles
applied by a text |
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Critical Discourse Analysis
Theory (Fairclough, 1995) |
Textual Analysis Practical
Discourse Analysis Social Practical Analysis
Grammar Interquality Economic
· Theme Ÿ Pre-educational Assumptions Education
ŸMetadiscourse Economic Ÿ Disclaimer Politic
Lexical
·
Metaphor
Cohesion Interdiscussion
·
Repitition Ÿ Narative
· Conjunction Ÿ Debate
Ÿ Expository
Ÿ Expression (expressive)
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POLITENESS STRATEGIES |
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Bald
on-record Example: Ready! Listen…. Give
me that big basket. The
light is green. Please
come in. Let’s
eat. |
Positive
politeness Example:
You look sad. Can I help? Can
I borrow one hundred dollars? I'll
take you to the hospital, if you don't mind. |
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Negative
politeness Maybe
he took the box, maybe! Please
give me the white plate. If
so, a little instruction is not needed? Throwing
empty bottles everywhere are not allowed. |
Off-record Wow,
it's getting cold in this room. The
price of shoes here is really expensive. Your
clothes are beautiful. |
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Discourse Analysis Approach (Normaliza Abd Rahim, 2018b) |
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PRE-ASSUMPTIONS 1.
Intuition 2.
Context ·
Acceptance/Disclaimer ·
Requirements ·
Persuasion ·
Anafore ·
Repetition ·
Ambiguity ·
Assertion |
EMOTIONAL 1.
Positive 2.
Negative 3.
Mixed emotions ·
Behaviour ·
Personality ·
Mood ·
Motivation |
VALUES
AND CULTURE 1.
Self 2.
Community 3.
Tradition ·
Honest, sincere, kind, affectionate, hard-working,
gratitude, moderately ·
Discharity, noble, courage, physical and mental
hygiene, ·
Respect, cooperation, community spirit ·
Justice, freedom, rationality |
Language 1.
First/second/third language 2.
Formal/informal 3.
Language errors 4.
Linguistics |
Inference 1.
Overall summary 2.
Summary of discussion topic 3.
Closure |
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Discourse Analysis Theory (Normaliza Abd Rahim, 2018d) |
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Content 1.
Theme |
Context 1.Grammar 2.
Background 3.
Emotions |
Assumptions
1.
Opinions 2.
Persuasion 3.
Questions |
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Title |
Grammar |
Background |
Emotions |
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Family |
Easy
and suitable use of words and verses for all including privileged children |
Mother
and father's house |
Happy,
longing |
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Self |
Easy
and suitable use of words and verses for all including privileged children |
Indoors
and outdoors, schools |
Happy |
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I'm
a Special One |
Easy
and suitable use of words and verses for all including privileged children |
Mother
and father's house |
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I Know |
Easy
and suitable use of words and verses for all including privileged children |
Indoors and outdoors |
Sorrowful, sad, sympathy |
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I Understand |
Easy
and suitable use of words and verses for all including privileged children |
Homes, schools or in public places |
Happy, sympathy, caring |
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Title |
Text |
Theme |
Samples
/ Materials |
Type |
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Grandmother and
grandfather |
Short story |
Family |
Grandmother,
grandfather, mom, dad, Imran, Medina, Aisyah, Alim |
Storytelling |
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I’am a Special One |
Short story |
Family |
Grandmother,
grandfather, mom, dad, Imran, Medina, Aisyah, Alim |
Storytelling |
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Family |
Short story |
Family |
Mom, dad, Imran, Medina,
Aisyah, Alim |
Storytelling |
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Heart |
Short story |
Society |
Mom, teacher, Alim,
friends |
Storytelling |
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Neighbour |
Short story |
Family |
Mom, Madinah, Imran,
Aisyah, Sulaiman, Alim |
Storytelling |
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Title |
Grammar |
Background |
Emotion |
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Grandmother
and Grandfather |
The use of simple and appropriate words and sentences for
all including special children |
Grandmother
and grandfather |
Happy,
missing, sad, angry, confused, satisfied |
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I am
special |
Use
of words and sentences that are simple and suitable for all including special
children |
Home
mom and dad |
Happy,
satisfied, sad |
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Family |
The use of simple and appropriate words and sentences for
all including special children |
Home
mom and dad |
Happy,
Uneasy |
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Hati |
The use of simple and appropriate words and sentences for
all including special children |
Sekolah,
rumah, jiran |
Happy |
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Jiran |
The use of simple and appropriate words and sentences for
all including special children |
Rumah
ibu bapa dan jiran |
Happy,
Sympathy, Caring, Unhappy |
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Social
Story Titles |
Social
Values |
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Grandmother
and Grandfather |
Loving,
caring, rational, responsible, sincere, honest, kind, family, patient |
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I am
special |
Kind-hearted,
sincere, helpful, caring, responsible |
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My
family |
Kind-hearted,
patient, helpful, sincere, caring, diligent, hardworking, responsible,
rational |
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Heart |
Kind,
loving, caring, sincere, honest, sharing, grateful, respectful, diligent |
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Neighbors |
Kind,
responsible, loving, rational, caring, sincere, honest, confident,
neighborhood |
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Communication Strategy Taxonomy by
Dornyei & Scott (1997) |
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Avoidance
or Reduction Strategies |
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1. Ignoring/
Leaving messages 2. Topic avoidance |
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Achievement
or Compensatory Strategies Achievements
or Compensation Strategies |
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15. Paraphrase (Circumlocution) 16. Approaches 17. Usage of all purpose of words 18. Create new words (Word-coinage) 19. Restructuring / Use of nonlinguistic
means (Use of nonlinguistic means) 20. Literal translation 21. Internationalization 22. Code exchange 23. Asking for help, explanation,
confirmation or making a guess / Appeal for help Stalling |
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Stalling
or Time-gaining Strategies Postponement
or Extra Time Strategy |
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3. Use of
meaningless words / Use of fillers / marker strategies (hesitation devices) |
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Communication
Strategies |
Frequency |
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1 Abbreviation |
15 |
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2 Meaningless of new words |
4 |
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3 Disclaimer / Conflict |
10 |
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4 Questionable |
6 |
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5 Repetition |
8 |
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6 Referral |
13 |
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7 Self-correction |
5 |
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8 Different topics / message ignore |
4 |
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9 Gap |
8 |
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10 Suspension |
6 |
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11 Literal translation |
4 |
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12 Language exchange |
4 |
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13 Imagination |
5 |
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14 Modesty |
4 |
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15 Paraphrase |
4 |
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16 Seeking for help |
4 |
KEHADIRAN MINGGU 5
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